Bad Actors Part 6 - Eurohost LLC (aka UralNet?)

A funny thing happened the day after I posted my last article - the UralNet IP block was removed from the global routing table.  I didn't see any notifications in the press or on any network operations lists (although I am not on any RIPE-specific listservs), so my suspicion is that they are simply lying low for a bit.  I assume that if they had their plug forcibly pulled then the responsible party would want to be recognized (rightfully) for taking a step against cyber-crime in the region.

Another reason why I believe they are lying low is that an AS that had been dormant (unrouted) for months came back online this week and immediately started hosting much of the malware that used to be on UralNet.  They've only been back on the Bloc for a week, have a mere /24 (256 IPs), don't have a corporate homepage, and yet, already have quite a few criminal customers.

aut-num: AS48841
inetnum: 91.212.65.0 - 91.212.65.255
as-name: EUROHOST-AS
descr: Eurohost LLC
person: Mikhail Ignatyev
address: off. 1, 81 Frunze str.,
address: Evpatoria, Crimea, Ukraine
phone: +38 093 079 00 32

Robtex.com just updated their graph to show AS48841 (refresh this page if you are seeing my old image)
 

Here's a snapshot of their website.  I only wish they'd used this classic.

91.212.65.5 - ramshanabc.ru - Zbot Trojan (aka Zeus, Pakes)

GET /ejik/main.bin HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Win32)
Host: ramshanabc.ru
Cache-Control: no-cache

Also, it's hosting a site that <iframe>s in a Rogue AV - VirusTotal report of the malware

GET /thehun/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/xaml+xml, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/x-silverlight, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*
Referer: http://www.darkenart.ch/
Accept-Language: en-us
UA-CPU: x86
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; WOW64; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30618)
Host: 1st-broker.ru
Connection: Keep-Alive

91.212.65.7 - Exploits

GET /sss/in.cgi?7 HTTP/1.1
Referer: http://oldv.info/evo/count.php?o=4
Accept-Language: en-us
UA-CPU: x86
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.1; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; Zune 3.0)
Host: porgacig.cn

Malicious javascript like the below is why it's so difficult to write a signature to detect a modern web exploit:

Other malicious domains on this IP:

hayboxiw.cn
ralcofic.cn
tozxiqud.cn

ns1.dnsmytruedns.com (one of the NS records for the domains, and previously hosted at UralNet)

Here's a sampling of the sites I saw driving traffic to these exploit pages:

hxxp://oldv.info/evo/count.php?o=4
hxxp://sexbases.cn/gr.php
hxxp://thehugetitstop.cn/pistop.html

91.212.65.8

This IP is hosting ns2.dnsmytruedns.com, which is the second NS record for the above domain, as well as many other malicious domains like ffseik.com, hayboxiw.cn, and teirkmm.net.  These domains appear to be bouncing around, so they may not be up by the time you read this, but a web search will confirm should you be so inclined.

91.212.65.9

This is hosting ns2.eurohost.biz.ua, which is the second NS record for 1st-broker.ru and ramshanabc.ru, which were both discussed above.

91.212.65.10 - Rogue AV software. 

lastcountb.com does not seem to be using server-side polymorphism to distribute its wares, but depending how you land on the page, it will serve you a different version of the same malware.

/cgi-bin/promo.pl?code=0000049
/cgi-bin/promo.pl?code=0000131
/cgi-bin/promo.pl?code=0000238
/cgi-bin/promo.pl?code=0000246
/cgi-bin/promo.pl?code=0000266

Malware 1 (VirusTotal)

Malware 2   

Malware 3

Malware 4

Malware 5

Other garbage on this IP:

antivirusxp-pro2009.com
freewebscaners.com
onlinenotify.net

91.212.65.11 – Here we can see some more Zbot.  Note the double leading slash - a bug in their HTTP implementation?  An eyeball at the User-Agent tells me that this malware isn't using the resident browser.

GET //baasseulu/cfg.bin HTTP/1.0
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Win32)
Host: toomouths.com
Pragma: no-cache

Unsurprisingly, it's also hosting the DNS for this domain, ns1.bilodns.com, on 91.212.65.11.

91.212.65.12

Malicious DNS server:
ns2.bilodns.com.        86313   IN      A       91.212.65.12

91.212.65.29

More rogue distribution points:

antivirus-xp-pro2009.com
free-web-scaners.com
lastcountc.com
onlinenotifyq.net

On hxxp://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=conf&code=15, you can see an interesting configuration file that clearly shows the browser hijacking being done by the malware:

#config#html_to_replace=http://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=html&code=15
is_html=1
html_replace_counter=10
replaces=10
html_url=http://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=html&code=15
pop_url=http://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=pop&q=%s&code=15
explorer_url=http://onlinenotifyq.net/land/eurl/?code=15
404_url=http://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=404&code=15
ruler_url=http://onlinenotifyq.net/?a=ruler&code=15
ruler_on=1
exlude_urls=antivirus-xp-pro-2009.com
#/config#

Two quick comments - one, you can see that it isn't messing with its malware distribution domain (onlinenotifyq.net is the C&C domain), and two, that they spelled "exclude" wrong.  For the fail.

91.212.65.30

fiesta-tests.com SafeBrowsing says this is malicious

Also, it's primary NS record is this IP (ns1.anska.cn)

91.212.65.32

ns2.anska.cn.           1200    IN      A       91.212.65.32

onlinestat.cn – This domain is well known for hosting exploits.  Interestingly, the two DNS servers for this domain are on 91.211.64.154 and 91.211.64.156, both of which are at UralNet which I looked at in my last article.  It seems more and more likely that these IP blocks are controlled by the same group.

91.212.65.33 - exploits

GET /1/in.php HTTP/1.1
Referer: http://thehugetitstop.cn/movestop.html
Accept-Language: en-us
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CL
Host: vpsspeedin.ru

thehugetitstop.cn, also malicious, is hosted on this IP.  ns1.drumns.net, a DNS server for malicious domains, is as well.

I see lots of traffic being driven to these exploit pages by hxxp://phpsk.php5.cz/manual/buy.html, which appears to be a free web hosting service.

91.212.65.34 - exploits

bizoplata.ru (such as hxxp://bizoplata.ru/pay.html).  Previously this domain was also hosted on an UralNet IP.

ns2.drumns.net - DNS server for malware

91.212.65.35 - Koobface malware

GET /download/1/1100/0 HTTP/1.0
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)
Host: viewworldx.com

Here is the VirusTotal report for the Koobface malware

GET /software/850c9c6c66/10270/1/ActiveX_1.1.9_(2000/XP/Vista).exe HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/523.10.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.0.4 Safari/523.10
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: http://viewmyworldx.com/view/1/1027/0/ActiveX%201.1.9%20(2000/XP/Vista)
Host: viewmyworldx.com

When I went back to analyze this, the domain was not resolving anymore, but I manually set an entry in my hosts file and was able to fetch it.  This is another variant of Koobface, as seen above.

A few sites driving traffic to the malware:

hxxp://www.linkbrander.com/go.php?linkid=13383
hxxp://soooblogtabl.info/index.php?q=geiger%20furniture%20lock&aff=30741&saff=0
hxxp://vids-online.net/video.php?id=Sakura_Sena

91.212.65.38 - I can't find anything malicious that these DNS servers are serving, but I assume I just don't have a large enough sample.

ns1.microsofted.info
ns2.microsofted.info

91.212.65.43 - Rogues

hxxp://antivirus-xp-pro-2009.com/?code=0000014

VT report on the "demo" version       

91.212.65.48 - malware

hxxp://91.212.65.48/f.exe Seems to be a simple dropper trojan

91.212.65.51 - exploits

Nasty exploit page hosted here:
hxxp://stats-analytics.cn/lera/?t=2

Also, the above's primary DNS, ns1.private-dns.cn.

A couple pages doing the redirecting/iframing:

hxxp://www.babesdosage.com
hxxp://www.mywikibiz.com (hacked page I presume; I contacted the owner)

91.212.65.52 - stats-analytics.cn secondary DNS (ns2.private-dns.cn)

91.212.65.72 - This is hosting a fake YouTube site at www.youtube.com.results-search.query.usrv03.com.  Again, that was previously at UralNet and I profiled it in my last article.

91.212.65.75 - More Zbot hosted here:

POST /ejik/hot.php HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Win32)
Host: 91.212.65.75
Content-Length: 729
Connection: Keep-Alive
Cache-Control: no-cache

GET /ejik/main.bin HTTP/1.1

GET /ejik/admin.bin HTTP/1.1

Lastly, 91.212.65.95 has been scanning me for exploits for the past week.  Perhaps I haven't been making friends in that region?

With a mere /24 IP block, I'm willing to make the public assessment that Eurohost LLC is not a legitimate company and only is hosting malware, exploits, and other crimeware for Internet evil-doers.

As always, check out HpHosts and MalwareDomainLIst for confirmation

As a final note, right as I finished this article, Eurohost started announcing a route for AS48934, aka Neteks.  Immediately this IP block starting hosting a C&C server for the Rustock Botnet.  As Steven Colbert would say, these guys are "on notice".

Alex Lanstein @ FireEye Malware Intelligence Lab
Questions/Comments to research [@] fireeye [.] com